关于SPL曲线的一些看法

备注：本文原文为英文，是写来反驳某些国外“家里蹲测试”大神的，其中所反映或者针对的情况不一定符合国内现状。仅为探讨，请勿对号入座。

Lii Song has been founded by a small group of people with love and passion for the beauty of full range speakers and we are honored to have been supported by many from the audiophile community, which encouraged us to go this far. Positive or negative, all constructive opinions from people help us to grow and improve and are much appreciated.

丽颂品牌是由一小群对全频扬声器之美充满热爱和热情的人创立的，我们很荣幸得到了发烧友社区的许多支持，也是他们的鼓励让我们坚持走到今天。烧友的所有建设性意见，无论是正面还是负面，都有助于我们成长和改进，我们都非常感谢。

However, we found that there is one topic that often generate unnecessary debates and conflicts, that is related to the endless “holy war” between “hearing” and “measurements”.

然而，我们发现有一个话题经常引起不必要的争论和冲突，这个话题关系到“听感流”和“参数流”之间无休止的“圣战”。

Concretely speaking, we hold in belief that hearing is more important than measurements but not saying that measurements are not important, or else we won’t spend time and energy sending our speakers to professional lab with standard anechoic chamber and equipment to get the test report. But as always said, we develop speakers that is pleased to our ears and just let the lab test afterwards and publish the raw report to public regardless it’s beautiful or not.

实话实说，我们认为听力比测量更重要，但并不是说测量不重要，否则我们不会花时间和精力把我们的扬声器送到配备标准消声室和设备的专业实验室来获得测试报告。但正如我们一直所说，我们是用耳朵来开发出听感满意的扬声器，然后让实验室进行测试，然后将原始报告发布给公众，无论它是否好看。

However, even doing like this there come still doubts and one most typical criticism is that “I tested the SPL curve and that’s totally not like what you published, are you honest with your report?” Which we find tiring to explain again and again, thus in this article, we would like to discuss all the details in this aspect.

然而，即使我们这样做，仍然存在质疑，最典型的批评是“我测试了音响SPL曲线，这与你们公布的完全不同，你们的报告是诚实的吗？”一而再再而三地解释这种事真的很累，因此在本文中，我们想全面讨论这方面的所有细节。

1. How the specs are measured

参数是如何测量的

We design drivers with our ears and our hearts. After we are satisfied the drivers will be supported by third party professional lab (objective) measurements for those who need this. The reason we do like this is that formally measuring is much more complicated than what many think.

我们用耳朵和心灵设计我们的扬声器。 在我们对它的声音感到满意后，再找第三方专业实验室进行（客观）测量并把结果提供给需要的人。 我们这样做的原因是真正的测量比许多人想象的要复杂得多。

To start with, the equipment of lab and the method of measurement should follow the norm ISO 3745:2012. This norm is a regulation that has 62 pages of content in English version. The table of contents looks like this:

首先，实验室的设备和测量方法应遵循 ISO 3745:2012 标准。 本规范的英文版共有62页。 目录如下所示：

The English version is paying so in case you are interested, here is the link to the Chinese version free to all:

英文版是收费的，所以如果你有兴趣，这里是完全免费的中文版链接：

shorturl.at/cjnBJ

By the way, in the norm, even the temperature and atmosphere are to consider and control for measuring the speakers.

顺便说一句，在这个规范中，即使是温度和大气环境也是要考虑和控制的要素。

Besides, the anechoic chamber and equipment of such a lab cost more than US$ 1,000,000 (equivalent value) and look like this:

此外，这样的实验室的消声室和设备成本超过 1,000,000 美元（等值），如下所示：

Even the floor is treated with anechoic pads and everything suspended on a steel wire net.

甚至地板都用消声垫处理，所有东西都悬挂在钢丝网上。

If someone believe that one can hand make an airplane in the backyard better than Boeing 777, then he/she can believe that a measurement at home with a mic and software is more reliable than these.

如果有人认为在后院手工敲出一架比波音 777 更好的飞机，那么他/她可以相信在家中使用麦克风和软件进行测量的结果比上面这些更可靠。

1. Is a smooth curve unreal and “beautified”?

平滑的曲线是假的且“美化过”的？

One doubt we often hear, not only towards us, but towards almost all manufacturers, is that the published curve is “beautified”. The doubt itself might be OK but their reason is weird: because the published curve is smooth.

我们经常听到的一个质疑，不仅是对我们品牌，而且是对几乎所有制造商，是制造商发布的曲线被“美化”了。 这个怀疑本身可能没问题，但它们的理由很奇怪：因为制造商发布的曲线是平滑的。

Many home measuring experts believe that the SPL curve should be a bunch of peaky waves like the following:

许多家里蹲测量专家认为 SPL 曲线应该是一堆尖峰波，如下所示：

They believe that any smooth SPL curve is fake or edited to look “beautiful”.

他们认为任何平滑的 SPL 曲线都是假的或“美化”过的。

But let’s take a step back and look at some basic physic rules. Firstly, a simple question:

但让我们先不谈这个，看看一些基本的物理规则。 首先，一个简单的问题：

Which of graph above, is showing a car’s speed through time in REAL WORLD?

上面哪一张图显示了汽车在现实世界中随时间推移的速度变化？

For anyone with basic knowledge, there will not be a doubt to choose A, because in the real world, the physic rule exists. With inertia, the movement status can’t be changed instantly. Which, reflected to the graph, is that there can only be continuous curve but not a broken line. That’s also why SPL curve is called “curve”.

任何有基础知识的人都毫无疑问会选择A，因为在现实世界中，物理规则是存在的。 由于惯性，运动状态不能瞬间跳动。 这反映在图形上，就是只能有连续曲线，不能有折线。 这也是 SPL 曲线被称为“曲线”的原因。

If we can have agreement on the car speed graph, then the same logic can be applied to SPL curve. Can anyone believe that the speaker cone can stop vibration at a frequency point but all of sudden at the next frequency point the vibration gets back? It is like believing that in actual world a car can instantly change its speed from 100km/h to 10. If this can be true, congratulations! The one who proves this has found the way to break inertia and deserve a Nobel Prize!

如果我们可以对汽车速度图的问题达成共识，那么同样的逻辑可以应用于 SPL 曲线。 谁能相信扬声器锥体可以在一个频率点停止振动，但在下一个频率点突然振动又回来了？ 这就像相信在现实世界中，汽车可以瞬间将其速度从 100km/h 变为 10km/h。如果这是真的，恭喜！证明这一点的人找到了打破惯性的方法，足以获得诺贝尔奖！

The SPL curve, if accurate, should and must be a smooth and completely continuous curve.

SPL 曲线，如果准确的话，应该并且必须是一条平滑且完全连续的曲线。

Besides, if one sees small waves in SPL curve it is consequence of room echo and interference of back wave. Even in the extreme anechoic chamber above these are not completely disabled. So in standard norm the final result should be actually a calculated one excluding all the interferences.

此外，如果在 SPL 曲线中看到起伏的小波，则是室内回波和声短路干扰的结果。 即使在极端的消声室上面这些也不可能完全消失。 所以在测量标准规范中，最终的结果实际上应该是一个排除所有干扰的，计算出来的结果。

For avoiding debates we even publish now only the raw curve without computing...

为了避免争论，我们现在甚至只发布未计算的原始曲线......

1. You might have reason on the smooth part but how can you explain that everyone finds the high end not reaching as high as you announce?

你对曲线平滑的论述可能有道理，但是你怎么解释每个人都发现你们扬声器高频达不到你们宣称的水平？

It’s a good question. As far as we have seen, in every home measuring result, none of our speakers can reach 20k as published on our page, almost all top-end result drops greatly like the following:

这是个好问题。 就我们所见，在每个家里蹲测量结果中，我们的扬声器中没有一个能达到我们页面上发布的 20k的水平，几乎所有的高频区域曲线都大幅下降，如下所示：

Before getting into further explanation, most people above 30-year-old can’t hear above 16kHz and above 50 can’t hear over 12kHz. Anyway, although one can’t hear one might still “feel”. So generally if the speaker can’t reach the top end it would be disappointing. So we can completely understand how someone will be disappointed seeing and believing this result.

在进一步解释之前先说一下，大多数 30 岁以上的人听不到 16kHz 以上的声音，而 50 岁以上的人听不到 12kHz 以上的声音。 不管怎样，虽然听不见，但也有可能“感觉到”。 所以一般来说，如果扬声器高频达不到，效果将令人失望。 因此，我们完全可以理解看到并相信这个结果的人会感觉多失望。

However, we would like to remind a little reality.

但是，我们要提示一个事实。

The microphone has also its frequency response curve.

麦克风也有它的频率响应曲线。

This is the fr curve of Shure MV7 of $250:

这是 250 美元的 Shure MV7 的曲线：

And this is the fr curve of Neumann U87 AI of $3200:

这是 $3200 的 Neumann U87 AI 的曲线：

Most common microphones, cheap or expensive, are not designed to collect ultra-high frequency above 10kHz and this is a typical fr curve:

大多数常见的麦克风，无论便宜还是昂贵，都不是为了采集 10kHz 以上的超高频而设计的，下面是典型的麦克风频响曲线：

This might partially explain why it’s common believed by home measuring experts that manufacturers are “lying” on how high their products can reach.

这可能部分解释了为什么家里蹲测量专家普遍认为制造商在他们的产品的高频能力上“撒谎”了。

1. Why you believe ears are more important than measurements?

你们为什么相信耳朵比参数更重要？

So why are people getting into HiFi? Is it for enjoyment or for realizing any technical achievement? Speaker is merely magnet+coil+cone+frame and other parts so why are developers like us spending so much time, money and energy to develop one after one and why are audiophiles paying a great more than the raw material costs to buy them? In terms of Hi-Tech a speaker is far inferior to a MacBook so why do people think it’s worth buying it much expensive than a MacBook?

那么为什么你要玩 HiFi 呢？是为了享受，还是为了实现什么技术成就？喇叭就是磁铁+线圈+音盆+盆架等部件，为什么像我们这样的开发者要花那么多时间、金钱和精力来一个接一个地开发，为什么发烧友要花比原材料成本高得多的钱来购买它们？ 就高科技含量而言，喇叭远不如MacBook，那么为什么人们认可它比MacBook贵得多的价格呢？

Among our team we have someone working in speaker tycoon since 18 years old developing monitor speakers for audio studios. He knows that monitor speakers is the best matching of evaluation by specs: flat curve, minimum distortion, correct phase compensation, etc. However, we all agree that we are seeking for something more instinctive, and love to do something that can bring good feeling and enjoyment.

在我们的团队中，我们有一位成员从 18 岁开始就在一个扬声器大厂为音频工作室开发监听扬声器。 他知道监听音箱是最符合参数党价值观的音响：平坦的曲线、最小的失真、正确的相位补偿等。但是，我们都认同，我们在寻找更本能的东西，想要做一些能带来舒适和享受的东西。

There is always difference between technical sound and musical sound. A simple example, piano does not flatly present the sound of the string inside, on the contrary, the sound of the string is reflected, composed, resonated, and finally presented into the ear to bring enjoyment to listener. Same case with violin, guitar, and almost all instruments... Also, the structure of theatre is designed to reflect and focus the sound to the audience. If someone does not enjoy merely striking a steel string or watching an opera in the wild field, he/she might understand why having musical signature is important.

“技术声”和“音乐声”之间总是有区别的。 一个简单的例子，钢琴并不是将琴弦的声音平铺直叙呈现出来的，相反，琴弦的声音是经过箱体反射、合成、共鸣，最终进入耳朵里，给听者带来享受。 小提琴、吉他和几乎所有乐器都是这样的原理……此外，剧院的结构旨在将声音反射和聚焦到观众席位。 如果你不是个喜欢欣赏敲钢丝或在荒郊野外听歌剧的人，你可能就会理解为什么拥有音乐性很重要。

Of course, this does not mean that reality can be ignored. No one would enjoy if piano sounds not like piano and voice sounds not like living human.

当然，这也并不意味着可以忽略现实。 如果钢琴听起来不像钢琴或者人声听起来不像活人，那么没有人会喜欢。

They key however, is to get a balance that one can feel the beauty and enjoyment. This is the belief and practice of our brand and we are only able and seek to serve people who share the same value.

然而，关键是要在这里面找到一种平衡，让人们可以感受到美和享受。 这是我们品牌的信念和实践，我们也只能够并寻求服务价值观与我们这个契合的客户。

1. Are you saying that measurements are not useful?

你的意思是参数没有用？

If anyone claims such and tells you to completely ignore technical data and follow only your instinct, it is likely to be a cult leader wishing to collect what we call “IQ tax” from you. Specifications are important, in a way, but the overall judging system is not superficial, and one needs to understand what each spec is and how it will affect the performance in real life.

如果有人这样声称并告诉您可以完全忽略技术数据而只遵循您的直觉，这种人很可能是邪教领袖，希望向您收取我们所谓的“智商税”。 参数在某种意义上很重要，但整体声学评判系统并不是肤浅的，你需要了解每个参数是什么以及它如何影响现实中的性能。

Giving this case as an example, the following SPL curve taken at home that looks very disappointing for our flagship Silver-10:

下面是个真实案例，以下在家中测得的 SPL 曲线，对于我们的旗舰喇叭 Silver-10 来说看起来非常令人失望：

Ignoring the content that we have explained above, we can see that in the SPL curve, there is a sudden fall between 900 and 1k Hz and the bottom is at 950 Hz of 15 dB less.

先忽略我们上面已经解释的内容，我们可以看到，在这个 SPL 曲线中，在 900 和 1k Hz 之间有一个突然的下降，最低处位于 950 Hz，减少了 15 dB。

The unit of decibel is a unit describing sound pressure values on a logarithmic scale. Which means, for an additional 10 dB, the sound pressure would become 3.162 times than before, so for a 10 dB less, it would be 1/3.162 of before. For 15dB less, the sound pressure will become 1/5.622 of before, that is less than 20% and you can consider it almost muted.

分贝是在对数尺度上描述声压值的单位。 这意味着，每增加 10 dB，声压将变为之前的 3.162 倍，因此每减少 10 dB，声压将是之前的 1/3.162。 少15dB，声压会变成之前的1/5.622，换算下来不到20%，可以认为几乎是静音了。

So if this curve is accurate, it will mean that, if we play the speaker on a normal sound volume, the 950Hz note would almost disappear.

所以如果这条曲线是准确的，那就意味着，如果我们在正常音量下播放这个扬声器，频率为950Hz的音符几乎会消失。

In the A440 pitch standard, 440Hz is the standard pitch of la (6, a1) and 950 Hz is almost corresponding to High si (7 with a point hat, b2).

在A440音高标准中，440Hz是拉(6, a1)的标准音高，950Hz几乎对应高音西（7上面多一点，b2）。

This is a note of pitch within the range of human voice (everyone can easily sing it) and can be easily find in a great deal of songs.

它是一个处于人声范围内的音符（每个人都可以轻松唱出），并且可以在大量歌曲中轻松找到。

So, in another word, if physically such case can be true, that our Silver-10 flagship can sound other pitch notes while only muted on 950Hz, anyone can easily distinguish that in a song a note is disappeared. Imagine the famous song “do-re-mi” be heard like “Do a (whisper), a (whisper)male (whisper)”, one does not need a machine and can easily find out that something is greatly wrong.

因此，换句话说，如果在物理上可以实现，我们的 Silver-10 旗舰单元可以发出其他音高音符，单单只在950Hz的音符上没声音，那么任何人都可以轻松地分辨出歌曲中的这个音符消失了。 想象一下著名的歌曲“do-re-mi”听起来就会像是“哆，是…只…母…”，那这种问题已经大到了任何人都可以轻易发现，用不着机器来告诉你了。

It was a sincere criticism without any bad intention, but still very offending in point of view of professional, the problem is that many are too confident on machines but haven’t yet realized that there one needs lot of knowledge on “how to” and “what is”. Even the most experienced member of our team, worked in the industry for decades, dares not to tell that he can make judgement just with the specs.

那位家里蹲专家的批评是真诚的，没有任何恶意，但从懂行的角度来看，仍然很冒犯。现在的问题是许多人对机器过于信任，但还没有意识到需要学习很多“怎么”和“什么”。 即使是我们团队中最有经验的成员，在这个行业工作了几十年，都不敢说他只凭参数就可以做出判断。

That is why we recommend people to hear and judge with what they feel and offer a 45 day trial period. We think one doesn’t need to have learnt in a music academy to enjoy a concert, also we don’t want to turn the enjoyment of music into a PhD thesis defense with data and sheets.

这就是为什么我们建议人们根据自己的感受进行聆听和判断，并提供 45 天的试用期。 我们认为人不需要在音乐学院受过正统教育才能欣赏音乐会，我们也不想将音乐的享受变成带有数据和表格的博士论文答辩。

We totally understand and agree that our products might not reach the expectation or fit the taste of everyone, and welcome and appreciate all opinions, positive or negative. However, we wish that if someone would give negative feedback, it will be like “I don’t like the sound of the speaker” instead of “My machine says that the speaker is bad so I believe it”.

我们完全理解并同意我们的产品可能无法达到每个人的期望或适合每个人的口味，并欢迎和感激所有正面或反面的意见。 但是，我们希望如果有人给出负面意见的时候，说的是“我不喜欢这个扬声器的声音”，而不是“我的测试机器说这个扬声器不好，所以我相信它不好”。