Telnet 服务

telnet和ssh一样是一种远程登录服务,他们之间有两个最明显的差别:

  • telnet是明文传输,ssh是加密传输;
  • telenet默认端口23,ssh默认端口22;

其他无非是一些协议规格和使用命令的差异。

telnet对于安全性能要求不高的嵌入式系统环境使用比较多。

telnet需要被连接服务器运行telnet服务,客户端主动链接服务端的telnet服务,并通过登录验证。

下面我们介绍在ubuntu系统上安装telnet服务,并通过图形化工具和命令行的telnet客户端连接服务器测试。

安装telnet服务

安装telnetd

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo apt-get install telnetd

安装xinetd

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo apt-get install xinetd

配置并启动telnet服务

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo vim /etc/inetd.conf
#添加:
telnet  stream   tcp   nowait  telnetd  /usr/sbin/tcpd/  /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
telnet  stream   tcp   nowait  root     /usr/sbin/tcpd/  /usr/sbin/in.telnetd

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo vim /etc/xinetd.conf
#修改为:
# Simple configuration file for xinetd
#
# Some defaults, and include /etc/xinetd.d/

defaults
{

# Please note that you need a log_type line to be able to use log_on_success
# and log_on_failure. The default is the following :
# log_type = SYSLOG daemon info
instances = 60
log_type = SYSLOG authpriv
log_on_success = HOST PID
log_on_failure = HOST
cps = 25 30

}

includedir /etc/xinetd.d

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo vim /etc/xinetd.d/telnet
#修改为:
# default: on
# description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \\
# unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.
service telnet
{
disable = no
flags = REUSE
socket_type = stream
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd #in.telnetd是telnetd安装文件
log_on_failure += USERID
}

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ sudo systemctl restart xinetd.service # 重启xinetd

客户端连接telnet

工具登录

有很多ssh工具可以使用图形化工具进行telnet登录。

telnet

登录成功,可以像使用本地terminal一样使用终端命令了。

telnet登录成功

命令行登录

Windows和linux下都支持telnet客户端命令,Windows一般需要到“程序和功能”中手动打开此功能;Linux一般需要安装telnet命令。

其命令格式是一样的:

ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$ telnet 192.168.115.138 23 # 这里23可以省略,如果是其他端口必须写明
Trying 192.168.115.138...
Connected to 192.168.115.138.
Escape character is '^]'.
Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS
ubuntu-virtual-machine login: ubuntu
Password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.13.0-40-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  <https://help.ubuntu.com>
 * Management:     <https://landscape.canonical.com>
 * Support:        <https://ubuntu.com/advantage>

101 updates can be applied immediately.
To see these additional updates run: apt list --upgradable

Your Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) is supported until April 2025.
Last login: Wed Apr 27 22:15:35 CST 2022 from 192.168.115.1 on pts/4
ubuntu@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~$
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