工作中有时候会利用excel获取文字的首拼或全拼。如何实现这些功能呢？要实现这些功能我们需要借助VBA（visual basic application）。excel中会有“开发工具”这个菜单。在菜单栏中显示“开发工具”菜单项 请参考上期内容。本例最终效果如下：

输入汉字后 使用定义好的函数即可获取汉字的全拼或简拼

使用VBA我们首先需要编写一个有返回值的函数（也称为方法），通过函数实现功能后将获取的字符串返回来就可以在单元格中显示了。请看代码：

一、获取汉字全拼

点击开发工具菜单后选择visualBasic菜单项,（具体看下面动图）在弹出的新页面中 选择 “插入”菜单，然后选择“模块”子菜单，粘贴本文给出的两个函数代码（ getPy 和py）。

如何插入模块

定义第一个函数getPy

Function getPy(Hz As String)

Dim PinMa As String

Dim MyPinMa As Variant

Dim Temp As Integer, i As Integer, j As Integer

PinMa = "a,20319,ai,20317,an,20304,ang,20295,ao,20292,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ba,20283,bai,20265,ban,20257,bang,20242,bao,20230,bei,20051,ben,20036,beng,20032,bi,20026,bian,20002,biao,19990,bie,19986,bin,19982,bing,19976,bo,19805,bu,19784,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ca,19775,cai,19774,can,19763,cang,19756,cao,19751,ce,19746,ceng,19741,cha,19739,chai,19728,chan,19725,chang,19715,chao,19540,che,19531,chen,19525,cheng,19515,chi,19500,chong,19484,chou,19479,chu,19467,chuai,19289,chuan,19288,chuang,19281,chui,19275,chun,19270,chuo,19263,ci,19261,cong,19249,cou,19243,cu,19242,cuan,19238,cui,19235,cun,19227,cuo,19224,"

PinMa = PinMa & "da,19218,dai,19212,dan,19038,dang,19023,dao,19018,de,19006,deng,19003,di,18996,dian,18977,diao,18961,die,18952,ding,18783,diu,18774,dong,18773,dou,18763,du,18756,duan,18741,dui,18735,dun,18731,duo,18722,"

PinMa = PinMa & "e,18710,en,18697,er,18696,"

PinMa = PinMa & "fa,18526,fan,18518,fang,18501,fei,18490,fen,18478,feng,18463,fo,18448,fou,18447,fu,18446,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ga,18239,gai,18237,gan,18231,gang,18220,gao,18211,ge,18201,gei,18184,gen,18183,geng,18181,gong,18012,gou,17997,gu,17988,gua,17970,guai,17964,guan,17961,guang,17950,gui,17947,gun,17931,guo,17928,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ha,17922,hai,17759,han,17752,hang,17733,hao,17730,he,17721,hei,17703,hen,17701,heng,17697,hong,17692,hou,17683,hu,17676,hua,17496,huai,17487,huan,17482,huang,17468,hui,17454,hun,17433,huo,17427,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ji,17417,jia,17202,jian,17185,jiang,16983,jiao,16970,jie,16942,jin,16915,jing,16733,jiong,16708,jiu,16706,ju,16689,juan,16664,jue,16657,jun,16647,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ka,16474,kai,16470,kan,16465,kang,16459,kao,16452,ke,16448,ken,16433,keng,16429,kong,16427,kou,16423,ku,16419,kua,16412,kuai,16407,kuan,16403,kuang,16401,kui,16393,kun,16220,kuo,16216,"

PinMa = PinMa & "la,16212,lai,16205,lan,16202,lang,16187,lao,16180,le,16171,lei,16169,leng,16158,li,16155,lia,15959,lian,15958,liang,15944,liao,15933,lie,15920,lin,15915,ling,15903,liu,15889,long,15878,lou,15707,lu,15701,lv,15681,luan,15667,lue,15661,lun,15659,luo,15652,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ma,15640,mai,15631,man,15625,mang,15454,mao,15448,me,15436,mei,15435,men,15419,meng,15416,mi,15408,mian,15394,miao,15385,mie,15377,min,15375,ming,15369,miu,15363,mo,15362,mou,15183,mu,15180,"

PinMa = PinMa & "na,15165,nai,15158,nan,15153,nang,15150,nao,15149,ne,15144,nei,15143,nen,15141,neng,15140,ni,15139,nian,15128,niang,15121,niao,15119,nie,15117,nin,15110,ning,15109,niu,14941,nong,14937,nu,14933,nv,14930,nuan,14929,nue,14928,nuo,14926,"

PinMa = PinMa & "o,14922,ou,14921,"

PinMa = PinMa & "pa,14914,pai,14908,pan,14902,pang,14894,pao,14889,pei,14882,pen,14873,peng,14871,pi,14857,pian,14678,piao,14674,pie,14670,pin,14668,ping,14663,po,14654,pu,14645,"

PinMa = PinMa & "qi,14630,qia,14594,qian,14429,qiang,14407,qiao,14399,qie,14384,qin,14379,qing,14368,qiong,14355,qiu,14353,qu,14345,quan,14170,que,14159,qun,14151,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ran,14149,rang,14145,rao,14140,re,14137,ren,14135,reng,14125,ri,14123,rong,14122,rou,14112,ru,14109,ruan,14099,rui,14097,run,14094,ruo,14092,"

PinMa = PinMa & "sa,14090,sai,14087,san,14083,sang,13917,sao,13914,se,13910,sen,13907,seng,13906,sha,13905,shai,13896,shan,13894,shang,13878,shao,13870,she,13859,shen,13847,sheng,13831,shi,13658,shou,13611,shu,13601,shua,13406,shuai,13404,shuan,13400,shuang,13398,shui,13395,shun,13391,shuo,13387,si,13383,song,13367,sou,13359,su,13356,suan,13343,sui,13340,sun,13329,suo,13326,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ta,13318,tai,13147,tan,13138,tang,13120,tao,13107,te,13096,teng,13095,ti,13091,tian,13076,tiao,13068,tie,13063,ting,13060,tong,12888,tou,12875,tu,12871,tuan,12860,tui,12858,tun,12852,tuo,12849,"

PinMa = PinMa & "wa,12838,wai,12831,wan,12829,wang,12812,wei,12802,wen,12607,weng,12597,wo,12594,wu,12585,"

PinMa = PinMa & "xi,12556,xia,12359,xian,12346,xiang,12320,xiao,12300,xie,12120,xin,12099,xing,12089,xiong,12074,xiu,12067,xu,12058,xuan,12039,xue,11867,xun,11861,"

PinMa = PinMa & "ya,11847,yan,11831,yang,11798,yao,11781,ye,11604,yi,11589,yin,11536,ying,11358,yo,11340,yong,11339,you,11324,yu,11303,yuan,11097,yue,11077,yun,11067,"

PinMa = PinMa & "za,11055,zai,11052,zan,11045,zang,11041,zao,11038,ze,11024,zei,11020,zen,11019,zeng,11018,zha,11014,zhai,10838,zhan,10832,zhang,10815,zhao,10800,zhe,10790,zhen,10780,zheng,10764,zhi,10587,zhong,10544,zhou,10533,zhu,10519,zhua,10331,zhuai,10329,zhuan,10328,zhuang,10322,zhui,10315,zhun,10309,zhuo,10307,zi,10296,zong,10281,zou,10274,zu,10270,zuan,10262,zui,10260,zun,10256,zuo,10254"

MyPinMa = Split(PinMa, ",")

For i = 1 To Len(Hz)

Temp = Asc(Mid(Hz, i, 1))

If Temp < 0 Then

Temp = Abs(Temp)

For j = 791 To 1 Step -2

If Temp <= Val(MyPinMa(j)) Then

PinYin2 = PinYin2 & MyPinMa(j - 1) & ""

Exit For

End If

Next

End If

Next

getPy = Trim(PinYin2)

End Function

上面代码主要思路是获取字符串后，逐个遍历每个字符对应的拼音，最后按顺序拼接给定案子的全部拼音。

二、获取汉字简拼

定义第二个函数PY

我们继续在刚才打开的模块中定义一个函数名称py,功能是获取汉字的简拼代码如下：

Public Function PY(myStr)

Dim Str$, L$, Temp$, 特殊字$

Str = Replace(Replace(myStr, " ", ""), "　", "") ' 去掉字符串中的空格

dict = [{"吖","a";"八","b";"擦","c";"咑","d";"鵽","e";"发","f";"伽","g";"哈","h";"丌","j";"咔","k";"垃","l";"妈","m";"拿","n";"哦","o";"妑","p";"七","q";"然","r";"仨","s";"他","t";"屲","w";"夕","x";"丫","y";"帀","z"}] ' 建立简拼字典

特殊字 = "仇Q覃Q"

For i = 1 To Len(Str)

L = Mid$(Str, i, 1)

j = InStr(tmp, Mid(Str, i, 1))

If L Like "[一-龥]" Then

Temp = Temp & IIf(j, Mid(特殊字, j + 1, 1), UCase(Application.Lookup(L, dict)))

Else

Temp = Temp & L

End If

Next i

PY = Temp

End Function

粘贴以上代码后打开任意个工作表随便输入一些文字使用刚才自定义的函数即可获取汉字的全拼或简拼。