2022年8月4日，《自然》发表了题为《人类应从有记录以来的极端热浪中总结教训》的评述文章，该文章指出，2022年全球部分地区的极端高温与先前所有科学家预测的极端高温来的更猛烈，并且比起往年高温天气到来的更早，并且持续的时间更长，这需要全球科学家重新来思考定义极端天气对于人类的影响和极端天气形成的机理等科学问题。
今年6月以来，多国出现极端高温天气，迎创纪录高温，不仅对民众生活生产带来“烤”验，也令科学家们感到担忧。气象专家指出，人类活动所导致的气候变化和厄尔尼诺现象等因素叠加，导致了今夏的高温天气。随着厄尔尼诺现象卷土重来，极端天气或将更频发。
The most ominous of these are “hunger stones”， engraved at the waterline of rivers during previous droughts as a warning to future generations that when the stones are above water， hardship lies ahead.
A woman fans herself during the first heatwave of the year in Seville， Spain June 11， 2022. REUTERS/Marcelo del Pozo。
Editor's Note:The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. There is more about 24 solar terms waiting for you to find out. A special column “24 Solar Terms” has been launched by Tianmu News since March 5. Please stay tuned with us.画面生动地表现了丰干禅师达到了酣睡入梦，超脱一切的禅定境地，以虎来衬托出高僧身后的修行和法力。
Coffee’s culinary cousin， cacao ， is also suffering stress from global warming’s rising temperatures. But for chocolate， it isn’t the warmer climate alone that’s the problem. Cacao trees actually prefer warmer climates...
Heatwaves have become more frequent， more intense， and last longer because of human-induced climate change. The world has already warmed by about 1.1C since the industrial era began and temperatures will keep rising unless governments around the world make steep cuts to emissions. Tokyo charted temperatures above 35 degrees on Wednesday for a fifth straight day， marking the worst documented streak of hot weather in June since records started in 1875. Meanwhile， the city of Isesaki， northwest of the capital， saw a record 40.2C - the highest temperature ever recorded in June for Japan.
秋意渐浓 万物丰收华东师范大学近期科研工作取得系列重要进展快来关注一下吧~交叉学科领域01S-烯虫酯类新型生物化学农药研发生物化学农药自2019年被我国农业农村部归属为生物农药以来，其创制已成为面向粮食安全和生态安全等国家重大战略需求的前沿研究。
作者:Heidi N. Becker， James W. Alexander， Sushil K. Atreya， Scott J. Bolton， Martin J. Brennan， Shannon T. Brown， et al.
红网时刻新闻记者 陈珉颖 任晔 长沙报道Minor Heat is the 11th solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar, signifying the hottest period of a year is approa
编译 | 李言Nature, 31 October 2024, Volume 634 Issue 8036《自然》, 2024年10月31日，第634卷，8036期天文学AstronomySelection bias obfuscates the discovery of fas
Tailoring the molecular environment around catalytically active sites allows for the enhancement of catalytic reactivity through a hitherto unexplored pathway. In zeolites， the presence of water creates an ionic environment via the formation of hydrated hydronium ions and the negatively charged framework aluminum tetrahedra. The high density of cation-anion pairs determined by the aluminum concentration of a zeolite induces a high local ionic strength that increases the excess chemical potential of sorbed and uncharged organic reactants. Charged transition states are stabilized， which reduces the energy barrier and leads to higher reaction rates. Using the intramolecular dehydration of cyclohexanol on H-MFI zeolites in water， we quantitatively show an enhancement of the reaction rate by the presence of high ionic strength as well as show potential limitations of this strategy.
